POWER AUTHORITY AND INFLUENCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Force AUTHORITY AND INFLUENCE - Essay Example This paper depicts my very own strategies or courses through which I gain power in the work environment. Force is the inclination to control individuals. Authority is the benefit to impact, control, and change others. To clarify how I gain force and impact in the work place, it is critical to portray French and Raven model of intensity and impact. These two people hypothesized a comprehensive type of group and shared power. In doing as such, they proposed and suggested different classifications of power. These classes incorporate terrorizing, motivation, substantial, master, referent, just as instructive. Individuals in places of initiative can accomplish force and impact through mortal and oral scares. Force through terrorizing can either be applied to a solitary substance or a gathering of individuals (Houser, Anna and Domokos-Cheng, 2004). There are cases I have utilized terrorizing to control and control a portion of my youngsters in the working environment. Those in places of ad ministration will bear me witness that some scary activities applied to certain representatives are not arranged. There are those representatives who will take any risk and misjudge everything to make you look terrible to your supervisors. Since I am human and individuals regularly commit errors, I don't endure any of my youngsters announcing me to my quick manager as this would influence my odds of ever getting an advancement or a compensation rise. I manage these people fittingly and caution them of desperate results in the event that they ever report me to my chief. As indicated by French and Raven hypothesis, accomplishing force and impact through motivators is polished in numerous associations everywhere throughout the world. People who are associated with settling on choices in regards to motivators have all the force and impact in the work environment. Legitimate force and impact is accomplished based on how the person in the board position is relied upon to carry on by peopl e in general. In referent force, individuals are known to regard and perceive the authority of people that they are fit for shaping connections or relationship with. Instructive force relies upon the status of a person as certain people are viewed as more educated than others (Houser, Anna and Domokos-Cheng, 2004). I can identify with French and Raven model in the manners or habits in which I gain force and impact in my working environment. People in the board as outlined by the French and Raven model are relied upon by the general public to act or act in specific manners. Trust is an ethicalness. I have taken in the significance of building trust in the working environment. For a person to be amazing and persuasive, the two his/her coworkers and managers also should have confidence and conviction towards him/her. Through permitting my youngsters to design their obligations to accommodate their own needs and prerequisites as long all things considered inside the authoritative destin ations and rules has empower them to trust and regard me. I have additionally guaranteed that I generally accomplish my anticipated objectives and destinations in whatever I do. Through this, I have picked up impact and force inside the work environment as I am viewed as probably the best entertainer. Moreover, I include myself in doing investigate on the past, current, and future tasks of my association. Doing so has been of importance as I have had the option to distinguish territories of shortcomings inside the association and accordingly recognized novel roads through which I can relieve or reduce obstacles in authoritative execution.

Offshore oil and gas law essays

Seaward oil and gas law expositions Seaward OIL AND GAS LAW IN BRITISH COLUMBIA Likewise with most characteristic assets questions, the different partners in the disagreement regarding whether to bore for oil and gas in the British Columbia seaward are as various as they are dug in. With more than one hundred billion dollars in covered fortune in question, it is obvious that the Federal Government and the Province are fighting over who has locale and responsibility for B.C. seaward. What's more, ecological gatherings, industry backers, and First Nations are for the most part trying to guide the strategy of the two degrees of government. Curiously, despite the fact that the improvement of the B.C. seaward has been set apart by many years of stalemate and mess, various situations have as of late developed that appear to have infused another vitality into the question. In particular, the incorporation of Aboriginal Rights in segment 35 of Canadas constitution has brought about huge vulnerability over land title in British Columbia, vulnerability which the Province is moving to determine by settling Aboriginal land claims, regularly by offering a stake being developed. Too, in spite of having made sure about purview over the vast majority of Canadas seaward assets, the Federal Government has mellowed its position on seaward locale, and offered despite local enmity to partake in the administration of seaward advancement with the Provinces. Finally, the force for financial turn of events and for incomes to support government coffers is by all accounts at a high point; to put it plainly, ecological concerns have taken a secondary lounge to the charm of a conceivably worthwhile industry. This paper investigates the positions and premiums of every one of the gatherings associated with the question, and-against the foundation of ongoing occasions this paper hypothesizes on the probable way of future arrangements. The History of Offshore Drilling in British Columbia Prior to looking over the present positions and interests of every one of the partners, I... <!

Database Architecture

Database frameworks are an approach to gather and store a lot of information. Basically, database are electronic documenting frameworks that store crude information to be later recovered as useable data (Skillport, ). Utilizing such an instrument improves the recording and capacity of a wide range of data utilized by organizations today. A typical kind of database is a client/stock database. Various tables store client data, past client orders, stock tallies and merchant data and afterward this data can be cross-referenced for following stock pathways.For model, the client table will have an essential key which is individual for every client. This key would then be able to be referenced by the client request table which keeps up request history for all clients. The items table can utilize a similar procedure to get to stock checks as well as provider data. The entirety of this information is put away independently, yet utilized in various ways. It’s more proficient and more se cure than a typical recording framework. As per Wingenious (2005),â€Å"The database engineering is the arrangement of determinations, rules, and procedures that direct how information is put away in a database and how information is gotten to by parts of a framework. It incorporates information types, connections, and naming shows. The database design depicts the association of all database items and how they cooperate. It influences uprightness, dependability, adaptability, and execution. The database engineering includes whatever characterizes the idea of the information, the structure of the information, or how the information flows† (Introduction).Depending on the sort of design you need, there are numerous decisions in programming for your Database Management System (DBMS). For private ventures where less than 50 clients need to get to the database and where information can be put away at a brought together area, the best decision would be Microsoft Access. The program has a simple to-utilize GUI interface and for structuring tables inside the database (Coronel, Morris, and Rob, 2013). For a bigger organizations, or organizations where in excess of 50 clients would need to get to the database simultaneously, a DBMS with more highlights is recommended.These DBMS programs for the most part additionally have the alternative to have information put away at and got to from more than one area, or a circulated database Microsoft SQL Server permits various clients to get to its databases and can even be gotten to from more than one area (Coronel, Morris, and Rob, 2013). Utilizing Microsoft SQL Server Express, it is even feasible for information to be put away locally until the system can get to the primary server through the system, should organize blackouts become an issue. With this apparatus, even with the servers go down, clients can in any case input work locally and get to the neighborhood sections .Jack Henry and Associates utilizes Microsoft SQL f or some fairly propelled databases. Money related organizations utilize their product to enter and get to enormous sums budgetary data, especially travel things, for example, checks, draft slips and bring things back. These are worked at each branch at that point have sent out into an AS/400 framework to post to singular records. A similar data is likewise sent to another SQL database where documents are imported and traded to the Federal Reserve Bank or other monetary institutions.Many of our customers are little foundations where there are less than 50 clients and just a single area. While these customers could utilize the littler DBMS, for example, Microsoft Access, there are bigger customers to consider too, who have in excess of 50 clients on the framework and noteworthy measures of information gathered and transmitted to various areas, a bigger DBMS is required. Beforehand, the databases were put away just on the fundamental server, anyway the more current forms of the product we use require appropriated databases, by methods for Microsoft SQL Server Express.

Cognitive Consequences of Pediatric Sports-Related Concussions Essay

Results: The aftereffects of this exploration audit give the most present data with respect to pediatric blackout and neurological and psychological outcomes. These outcomes bolster the working speculation that the intellectual results of pediatric games related blackouts don't exceed the advantages related with youth sports cooperation. In an associate report (complete n=200), agents took a gander at come back to subjective standard after blackout in more youthful versus more established competitors. Members were separated into two gatherings, a 13-multi year old gathering (n=100), and 18-multi year old gathering (n = 100). Every member finished pattern and post blackout neurocognitive testing utilizing the prompt Post-Concussion evaluation and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) test battery. Results demonstrated that competitors 13-16 years of age take more time to come back to neurocognitive and side effect baselines than competitors 18-22 years of age (22). In an imminent structure study, 18 kids with mTBI and 18 coordinated sound controls (8-16 years old) were utilized to contrast affectability with straightforward and complex visual upgrades and to decide the advancement of visuo-perceptual execution after some time. At 1, 4 and 12 weeks affectability to static and dynamic types of straightforward (first request), complex (second request), direction and bearing recognizable proof edges, and spiral optic stream improvements were evaluated. The consequences of this investigation exhibit that every single complex improvement were essentially influenced for the mTBI kids, including at the multi week interim. There was additionally no contrast between bunches over all testing conditions for straightforward, first request data (2). An observational investigation from 2008 saw secondary school competitors and recuperation designs after blackout. Out o... ...lity following horrible cerebrum injury in youth: effect of injury seriousness and age at injury. Pediatr Neurosurg.2000;32 :282†290. http://search.proquest.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/docview/224152197?accountid=14667 29. McCrory, P, AM Collie, V Anderson, and G Davis. Would we be able to Manage Sport Related Concussion in Children the Same as in Adults?. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 38.5 (2004): 516-519. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2004.014811 30. McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Aubry M, et al. Agreement articulation on blackout in sport - the third worldwide gathering on blackout in sport held in Zurich, November 2012. Phys Sportsmed. 2013; 47:250â€258 . doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092313 31. Purcell, Lisa. What are the most fitting come back to-play rules for concussed kid competitors? British Journal of Sports Medicine. 43.1 (2009): i51-i55. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.058214

Does knowledge affect attitudes and perceived risks of HIV infection Essay

Does information influence perspectives and saw dangers of HIV disease among youthful grown-ups affecting steady condom use - Essay Example ost of these teenagers were commonplace of those everywhere throughout the world, having a blend of right and inaccurate information about HIV transmission and explicitly transmitted contaminations. It was seen that a larger number of guys than females accounted that they have engaged in sexual relations, having utilized condoms. They additionally displayed a conflicting utilization of condoms. A portion of the sexual mentalities unquestionably complied with machismo belief system; however there were others that provises a degree for mediations and counteractions. By and large it was seen that the disgrace joined to HIV was high and it was likewise observed that a significant number of the youths disliked same sex relations. Mediation is especially fundamental that some intervention is looked for against homosexuality-related disgrace since it might bring about a concentrated HIV scourge. The overviews indicated that individual strict musings and convictions were not a hindrance to u tilization of condoms. The multivariate model demonstrated that, being out of school could be essentially corresponded to having engaged in sexual relations just as of inadequate HIV/AIDS-related information. This requires HIV anticipation mediations must not be restricted to just school going youths. For victory what is required is a multi-segment way to deal with anticipation. This must incorporate network based projects just as projects in schools, the broad communications and wellbeing offices. HIV contamination is a sickness that is brought about by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This infection gradually demolishes the invulnerable framework and thus, the antibodies inside the body think that its harder to ward off the diseases. There is no solution for HIV contamination, precautionary measure being the main method of avoiding this deadly sickness. There has been a rising concern with respect to HIV/AIDS disease among youthful grown-ups all inclusive. The most widely recognized way this infection is transmitted from one individual to the next is through unprotected sex. The measurements on the effect made by HIV/AIDS is overpowering. As per the assessments made by

Fresh Ink New Books Out Today January 15, 2013

Fresh Ink New Books Out Today January 15, 2013 Its a nonfictionpalooza this week! Best Sex  Writing 2013: The State of Todays Sexual Culture edited by Rachel Kramer Bussel  (Cleis Press) If the only sex-related pieces youve read latelyor, gasp, everwere about Fifty Shades of Grey, youve got some catching up to do! Start with this annual anthology, which brings together the best essays about sexuality and sexual culture. Judged by Dr. Carol Queen and edited by Rachel Kramer Busseltwo rad women who know from sex writingthis collection looks thought-provoking and fun. Variety being the spice of life, it presents a wide range of topics and perspectives; you might not like them all, but youre bound to love something. While I havent read this years collection just yet (reviewers, too, must sometimes wait for actual publication dates), Ive found the previous installments to do be thoroughly satisfying and filled with Oh, I never thought of that! moments. Friendfluence: The Surprising Ways Friends Make Us Who We Are by Carlin Flora (Doubleday) I was first alerted to this book when fellow Rioter Kim featured it in a list of  books about friendship last month. She recommended it for science nerds, fans of narrative nonfiction, living room sociologists, and I thought, I am all of those things! If you are too, take note. It seems were in a season of  books about friendshipIve recently read and adored Julie Klams Friendkeeping  [reviewed here] and Susanna Sonnenbergs memoir-in-friendships She Matters [reviewed here]and Carlin Flora adds depth the personal stories by presenting a scientific look at why we have friends and how they influence our personalities and behaviors. This is my  favorite kind of nonfiction; its engaging, not stuffy, and directly related to things we all experience in our daily lives. Oh, and it will give you tons of fun facts to spout off at dinner parties, or the next time you need to drive your partner mad with a case of the Did-You-Knows. The Mistress Contract by She and He (Unbridled  Books, now in paperback) Their  relationship began in 1981. It began with a contract. She suggested it, agreeing to provide her lover with housekeeping, companionship, and sexual services, while He agreed to give her a separate home (he was married, living with his wife and children at the time they began) and cover her expenses. Their affair continue through several decades, as they recorded themselves discussing their  relationship and the shifting power and sexual dynamics that defined it. This book presents the transcripts of those conversations, and they are nothing short of fascinating. She and He quarrel about her reluctance to tell him what she wants in bed. They wonder if their  relationship is revolutionary, or really quite traditional. The talk about feminism, and choice, and how this arrangement of theirs is something other than prostitution. They love each other. They age together. They are tender and passionate in private, careful to be discreet in public. They know they have chosen to do something that most consider wrong, and many wouldnt consider at all, and with this memoir, they attempt to put it in context. This is a challenging and provocative read that raises more questions than it answers. It sheds light on one unconventional  relationship, affording readers the opportunity to consider how changes they might make (or dream of making) in their own and inviting deeper deliberation about the organization, construction, and restrictions of committed  relationships in todays society. I loved this when I first read it in 2011, and I appreciated it even more upon rereading. Highly recommended. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Creep Test Laboratory Report Essay - 2200 Words

Creep Test Laboratory Report (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:Creep Test Laboratory ReportNomenclature A = material parameter S = spacing between the two turns n = stress exponent R = gas constant T = absolute temperature (K) ÃÅ' = strain rate à Ã‚  = density à  = shear stress D = coil diameter Q = creep activation energy d = wire diameter à Ã†â€™ = applied stress N = turn number à  = shear strain t = timeObjectiveThe purpose of this laboratory experiment was to investigate the creep of a given material specimen and the various factors that affect it. This was facilitated by assessing the change in length of the given specimen and then plotting the obtained values on a graph paper. The trend of the resultant curve was then compared against some known theoretical values to validate the credibility of the results of the experiment.TheoryAccording to Rayner and Jones, creep refers to a situation whereby materials deform permanently after being subjected to constant mechanical stresses (258). Th e rate at which creep occurs depends on time, and is differentiated into three major types. The first type of creep is known as transient creep and is characterized by an increase in strain with a corresponding increase in time. Equation 1 below represents the relationship between strain and time associated with this type of creep.
The other type of creep is known as secondary creep or steady-state creep and is characterized by strain rate that is constant as time changes linearly. As indicated in equation 2, to obtain the corresponding equation for the secondary creep, natural logarithms on both sides of the equation 1 are taken.
The third type of creep is referred to as tertiary creep and is characterized by strain increasing nonlinearly as the temperature increases. Generally, the temperature at which creep begins depends on the alloy composition of a material. Fig. 1 below depicts the nature of the curve in a typical creep graph.
Fig. 1. Creep diagram (Rayner and Jones 258)As observed from the graph above, creep rate is very high at first and it then begins to decrease gradually in the region demarcated as transient creep. This stage is followed by the secondary creep, which is characterized by a minimal creep rate, that is, a strain that increases slowly with the increase in time (Haddad 855). In the last stage, which is marked as tertially creep, strain increases rapidly with increase in time, resulting in failure of the material subjected to creep. Creep of materials is primarily attributed to the diffusion or the motion of atoms due to dislocation. The science of engineering material recognizes two major types of diffusion associated with the creep: the Nabarri-Herring creep and the Coble creep (Kassner 213). In the case of the Nabarri-Herring creep, diffusion of the atoms is mainly within the grains when the activating temperature is about half of the melting point. During this type of diffusion, the shape of the grain is critical since the rate at which creeping occurs is equivalent to 1 over the grain-size. In the case of the Coble creep, diffusion occurs when the temperature is extremely below the melting point. In this case, diffusion occurs along the grain boundaries. One of the simplest ways through which the creep of a material can be determined is by applying a load to a wire and then measuring the position of a particular point on the wire over time (Daniels 94). In most cases, to eliminate the amount of errors that can occur due to the large amount of extraneous variables when the wire is hung, as well as the orientation of the load, two points should be marked on the wire. The change in position of the two points is then measured over a given period to access the increase in length of the wire. The difference between the positions of the two points over a given time interval is then used to calculate the strain rate. By employing equation 2 above, the rate at which strain is changing can be plotted and then the various stages of the creep observed depending on the shape of the curve. Through this experiment, it is also possible to access the stress exponent and the activation energy, in which case the time and temperature have to be constant. In this case, the first consideration is to take into account the stress in each turn of the coil, a scenario which is represented by equation 3.
The drawback of the equation 3 above is that it does not take into account the effect of multiple coils. Therefore, equation 4 below becomes preferred in determining the shear stress of the wire.
Considering that shear strain is a localized process, equation 5 can also be used to determine its magnitude.
This equation is then differentiated with respect to time, resulting in equation 6 as indicated below.
By factoring out S/t in equation 6, the resultant will be the same to equation 7, which infers that strain is directly proportional to the coil spacing divided by time.
Equation 7 can be simplified further by taking the natural log on both sides and treating the term, Cd/d2, as a constant. Adding equations 2 and 4 to equation 7 and simplifying the quotient generates equation 8, which can again be simplified further to give equation 9 that is used to determine the activation energy.

Laboratory ProcedureA tin alloy solder was wrapped around a post about twenty times to create a coil. On one end, the coil was attached to the top of the post. A slider was then fixed to the post. The purpose of the slider was to compress the coil together when the experiment was not in progress. The whole assembly comprising the post and the slider was then put inside another tube.The solder that had been wound on the post was then heated by pointing a hair dryer to the tube. During the heating, precaution was taken to prevent heat loss by applying insulating foam in the mouth of the tube.Using a meter stick placed on the outside of the tube, the distance between the coils was then measured. For prope r recording of the distances between the coils, a camera was placed on a tripod stand strategically focusing on the coil and the yardstick.In each measurement, the slider was lowered at the same pace that the timer was started and the motion captured on the camera. In the course of the experiment, the solder was permitted to fall for a single minute before another picture was taken.The above experiment was repeated several times by increasing the temperature at an interval of 20 degrees Celsius.The picture captured in the course of the experiment was then used to measure the separation of the turns of the coil to compute the strain rate, the stress exponent, and the activation energy.Experimental Data and Analysis Initially, the experiment was conducted at a room temperature, which was found to be about 20.5 degrees Celsius. Fig. 2 and fig. 3 depict the pictures captured at the start and end of the experiment under the initial temperature and the corresponding values of the yardsti ck at each coil recorded in table 1.Fig. 2. The start of the experiment at room temperatureFig. 3. End of the experiment at room temperatureTable 1. Coil spacing at room temperatureCoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)coilInitial position(mm)FinalPosition (mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)coilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)1648.848.21146.445.6644.544143.543.01548.247.61046.045.3544.243.81447.747.0945.645.0444.043.61347.246.6845.344.6343.943.31246.846.0745.044.3243.743.0The second experiment was conducted by raising the temperature of the dryer to 50 degrees Celsius. The corresponding results are illustrated in fig. 4 and fig. 5 in form of pictures, while table 2 has been used to record the respective numerical data of the experiment.Fig. 4. Start of the experiment at 50 degrees Celsius
Fig. 5. End of the experiment at 50 degrees CelsiusTable 3. Coil spacing at 50 degrees CelsiusCoilInitia l position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final Position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)1648.248.5114645.5644.443.6143.441.21547.747.71045.644.0544.243.31447.347.094444.6444.042.81346.846.5844.544.3343.842.61246.446.0744.643.9243.743.0The final stage of the creep experiment involved heating the hair dryer to a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius. The corresponding pictures for this experiment are recorded in fig. 6 and fig. 7, while the associated data has been recorded in table 3.
Fig. 6. Start of the experiment at 70 degrees Celsius Fig. 7. End of the experiment at 70 degrees CelsiusTable 3.Coil spacing for 70 degrees CelsiusCoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final Position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position (mm)1648.248.51145.0 45.5644.443.6143.442.31547.747.71045.644.0544.243.31447.347.0945.344.6443.042.01345.46.5845.044.3343.842.61246.445.0744.643.9243.642.5 Creep Test Laboratory Report Essay - 2200 Words Creep Test Laboratory Report (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:Creep Test Laboratory ReportNomenclature A = material parameter S = spacing between the two turns n = stress exponent R = gas constant T = absolute temperature (K) ÃÅ' = strain rate à Ã‚  = density à  = shear stress D = coil diameter Q = creep activation energy d = wire diameter à Ã†â€™ = applied stress N = turn number à  = shear strain t = timeObjectiveThe purpose of this laboratory experiment was to investigate the creep of a given material specimen and the various factors that affect it. This was facilitated by assessing the change in length of the given specimen and then plotting the obtained values on a graph paper. The trend of the resultant curve was then compared against some known theoretical values to validate the credibility of the results of the experiment.TheoryAccording to Rayner and Jones, creep refers to a situation whereby materials deform permanently after being subjected to constant mechanical stresses (258). Th e rate at which creep occurs depends on time, and is differentiated into three major types. The first type of creep is known as transient creep and is characterized by an increase in strain with a corresponding increase in time. Equation 1 below represents the relationship between strain and time associated with this type of creep.
The other type of creep is known as secondary creep or steady-state creep and is characterized by strain rate that is constant as time changes linearly. As indicated in equation 2, to obtain the corresponding equation for the secondary creep, natural logarithms on both sides of the equation 1 are taken.
The third type of creep is referred to as tertiary creep and is characterized by strain increasing nonlinearly as the temperature increases. Generally, the temperature at which creep begins depends on the alloy composition of a material. Fig. 1 below depicts the nature of the curve in a typical creep graph.
Fig. 1. Creep diagram (Rayner and Jones 258)As observed from the graph above, creep rate is very high at first and it then begins to decrease gradually in the region demarcated as transient creep. This stage is followed by the secondary creep, which is characterized by a minimal creep rate, that is, a strain that increases slowly with the increase in time (Haddad 855). In the last stage, which is marked as tertially creep, strain increases rapidly with increase in time, resulting in failure of the material subjected to creep. Creep of materials is primarily attributed to the diffusion or the motion of atoms due to dislocation. The science of engineering material recognizes two major types of diffusion associated with the creep: the Nabarri-Herring creep and the Coble creep (Kassner 213). In the case of the Nabarri-Herring creep, diffusion of the atoms is mainly within the grains when the activating temperature is about half of the melting point. During this type of diffusion, the shape of the grain is critical since the rate at which creeping occurs is equivalent to 1 over the grain-size. In the case of the Coble creep, diffusion occurs when the temperature is extremely below the melting point. In this case, diffusion occurs along the grain boundaries. One of the simplest ways through which the creep of a material can be determined is by applying a load to a wire and then measuring the position of a particular point on the wire over time (Daniels 94). In most cases, to eliminate the amount of errors that can occur due to the large amount of extraneous variables when the wire is hung, as well as the orientation of the load, two points should be marked on the wire. The change in position of the two points is then measured over a given period to access the increase in length of the wire. The difference between the positions of the two points over a given time interval is then used to calculate the strain rate. By employing equation 2 above, the rate at which strain is changing can be plotted and then the various stages of the creep observed depending on the shape of the curve. Through this experiment, it is also possible to access the stress exponent and the activation energy, in which case the time and temperature have to be constant. In this case, the first consideration is to take into account the stress in each turn of the coil, a scenario which is represented by equation 3.
The drawback of the equation 3 above is that it does not take into account the effect of multiple coils. Therefore, equation 4 below becomes preferred in determining the shear stress of the wire.
Considering that shear strain is a localized process, equation 5 can also be used to determine its magnitude.
This equation is then differentiated with respect to time, resulting in equation 6 as indicated below.
By factoring out S/t in equation 6, the resultant will be the same to equation 7, which infers that strain is directly proportional to the coil spacing divided by time.
Equation 7 can be simplified further by taking the natural log on both sides and treating the term, Cd/d2, as a constant. Adding equations 2 and 4 to equation 7 and simplifying the quotient generates equation 8, which can again be simplified further to give equation 9 that is used to determine the activation energy.

Laboratory ProcedureA tin alloy solder was wrapped around a post about twenty times to create a coil. On one end, the coil was attached to the top of the post. A slider was then fixed to the post. The purpose of the slider was to compress the coil together when the experiment was not in progress. The whole assembly comprising the post and the slider was then put inside another tube.The solder that had been wound on the post was then heated by pointing a hair dryer to the tube. During the heating, precaution was taken to prevent heat loss by applying insulating foam in the mouth of the tube.Using a meter stick placed on the outside of the tube, the distance between the coils was then measured. For prope r recording of the distances between the coils, a camera was placed on a tripod stand strategically focusing on the coil and the yardstick.In each measurement, the slider was lowered at the same pace that the timer was started and the motion captured on the camera. In the course of the experiment, the solder was permitted to fall for a single minute before another picture was taken.The above experiment was repeated several times by increasing the temperature at an interval of 20 degrees Celsius.The picture captured in the course of the experiment was then used to measure the separation of the turns of the coil to compute the strain rate, the stress exponent, and the activation energy.Experimental Data and Analysis Initially, the experiment was conducted at a room temperature, which was found to be about 20.5 degrees Celsius. Fig. 2 and fig. 3 depict the pictures captured at the start and end of the experiment under the initial temperature and the corresponding values of the yardsti ck at each coil recorded in table 1.Fig. 2. The start of the experiment at room temperatureFig. 3. End of the experiment at room temperatureTable 1. Coil spacing at room temperatureCoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)coilInitial position(mm)FinalPosition (mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)coilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)1648.848.21146.445.6644.544143.543.01548.247.61046.045.3544.243.81447.747.0945.645.0444.043.61347.246.6845.344.6343.943.31246.846.0745.044.3243.743.0The second experiment was conducted by raising the temperature of the dryer to 50 degrees Celsius. The corresponding results are illustrated in fig. 4 and fig. 5 in form of pictures, while table 2 has been used to record the respective numerical data of the experiment.Fig. 4. Start of the experiment at 50 degrees Celsius
Fig. 5. End of the experiment at 50 degrees CelsiusTable 3. Coil spacing at 50 degrees CelsiusCoilInitia l position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final Position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)1648.248.5114645.5644.443.6143.441.21547.747.71045.644.0544.243.31447.347.094444.6444.042.81346.846.5844.544.3343.842.61246.446.0744.643.9243.743.0The final stage of the creep experiment involved heating the hair dryer to a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius. The corresponding pictures for this experiment are recorded in fig. 6 and fig. 7, while the associated data has been recorded in table 3.
Fig. 6. Start of the experiment at 70 degrees Celsius Fig. 7. End of the experiment at 70 degrees CelsiusTable 3.Coil spacing for 70 degrees CelsiusCoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final Position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position(mm)CoilInitial position(mm)Final position (mm)1648.248.51145.0 45.5644.443.6143.442.31547.747.71045.644.0544.243.31447.347.0945.344.6443.042.01345.46.5845.044.3343.842.61246.445.0744.643.9243.642.5

Technology Play Advantages and Disadvantages for...

Young children are growing up in a technology environment. It is within this environment that traditional concepts of play are being influenced. Early childhood settings reflect children’s environments therefore the introduction of technology would be a natural consequence. Play is central to children’s development and learning, consequently technology play is influential. To benefit children’s development and learning, technology play has to be inclusive and developmentally appropriate with attention to technology placement while ensuring the learning is curriculum based. To extend the learning experience skilled educators have to scaffold children’s learning experience with different tools, technology play can thus be a useful tool.†¦show more content†¦The idea of the toy has changed is recent years with the introduction of technology. A large proportion of the toy market includes interactive technology and the educational toy is becoming popul ar. Within the home environment children have access to technology from a very young age television, play station and computers are often easily accessed. Globalisation, marketing and lucrative sales for toy manufacturers provides opportunities for companies to reflect this increasing influence of technology on play. Manufacturers are developing new toys that utilise technology, mini computers for the very young that use software programs to help children with maths and spelling are readily available. Interactive toys have great potential to educate. (Papert 2005). There are many areas of children’s development, social, emotional, cognitive, language and physical, the three major domains are cognitive, physical and psychosocial (Hoffnung, Hoffnung, Seifert, Smith and Hine 2010). Research has suggested that there can be positive effects on cognitive development for children from technology (Clements 1994). Moreover the use of technology in areas of mathematical content and literacy can support children who have difficulty (Bredekamp and Rosegrant 1994). Computer software can build on problem solving skills and conceptual skills. Technology play can enhance cognitive development if usedShow MoreRelatedAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Using Technology Into Preschool Classroom1321 Words   |  6 Pages What are the advantages and disadvantages of using technology in the preschool classroom? Nowadays, technology is essential to every part of our lives, our workplace and our school-lives. In order to let the new generations acquire the skills to help them to survive in this highly technological knowledge-based society, many schools are just starting to combine technology into preschool classrooms learning. Dr.Char Cynthia, who had been a senior associate inRead MoreMobile Technology And Its Effects On People1485 Words   |  6 Pagesfocus is mobile technology. In this specific report mobile technology and its effects on people was discussed. The first portion of the report speaks of an article that supports the advancement of mobile technologies in their children’s lives and the second portion speaks of an article that believe mobile technology should have its limitation or banning it completely in children lives until they become teenagers or young adults. Throughout this paper the advantages and disadvantages of the two articlesRead MoreE Learning I s A Hot Topic On Education842 Words   |  4 Pages E-learning is a hot topic in education. The use of devices and the internet changes what we see in a classroom. No longer is a teacher standing in front of a room instructing and then giving a worksheet as homework. Instead, we now have teachers assisting students to increase their knowledge by using a device and the internet. This literature review defines the term E-learning and gives examples of what E-learning may look like in an elementary classroom. It also examines the advantages andRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Porter s Diamond Companies The Way A Country Gains And Sustains Its Own Competitive Advantage Essay961 Words   |  4 Pagescompetition in anywhere is about the international affairs. In order to keep country’s own competitive advantage, it’s necessary to make national strategies to sustain this advantage and be an attractive market for international competing. Michael Porter’s diamond states the way a country gains and sustains its own competitive advantage through dealing with the disadvantage to push itself innovating and learning from it. Although this model clearly explains how one factor is related to another, which countryRead MoreTechnology Has A Negative Influence On The Social Life Of Individuals1213 Words   |  5 PagesWithin our society, technology plays a critical role in our everyday lives. Its prevalence within our environment has ultimately resulted in the change of pedagogical practice. This new age of teaching has demonstrated that technology is in many ways, beneficial within the classroom environment. This paper will consider how technology can support the needs of children with special needs, making learning more relatable and effective. Furthermore, technology also has an influence upon the social andRead MoreReflection Paper About Digital Nation848 Words   |  4 Pageswas changed by the developing of digital technology. They discussed both advantages and disadvantage of the impact of Digital technologies. This program suggests pessimistic perspective through this program. This program starts pes simistic perspective of technologies. Interviews and survey data conducted display digital multitasking strains attention spans, particularly among students. In addition, they question if technologies are helping improve learning culture for all generations, especially kidsRead MoreTaiwanese Firms Gain And Prolong Competitive Advantages1684 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Introduction Taiwanese firms gain and prolong competitive advantages, by acquiring and broadening their underlying resource base through linkage, leverage and learning processes, and through institutional supports, rather than seeking an understanding of how they create advantages in the first place. They pose linkage as the initial step that generates opportunities for the LCFs, resource leverage through contract manufacturing, brain drain and corporate Apprenticeship as theRead MoreBenefits Of A Person Focused Pay875 Words   |  4 Pagesfor demonstrating successful job performance. Person focused pay is a great system for Orchard Vali and other golf courses. Competency also plays a great role at Orchard Vali. There are many reasons to adopt person focused pay systems. There are also a variety of person focused pay systems. But with any business, there are always advantages and disadvantages of person focused pay programs. There are two types of person focused pay plans: pay for knowledge and skill based pay. Orchard Vali usesRead MoreThe affects of new technologies in international communication1417 Words   |  6 Pageseffects new technologies like online social media have on international communication. Within the past 20 years there has been a rapid change and update in technology. In comparison to how machinery, computers and other functions were in 1990 to now 2014 is completely different. Along with this there are many pros and cons in terms of the affects new technology can have on the future. One main thing is also the development and involvement of the public sphere and how that can play an integral roleRead MoreEssay on V.R.I.O. Analysis1145 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironment (product market, demand forces) • Changes in consumer tastes, industry structure, technology, etc. can result in changed value • Resources of different firms can be valuable in different ways (e.g., Timex versus Rolex) • Value = Lowered costs or increased revenues or both SCARCITY of resources and capabilities • Resources and capabilities must be in short supply to create competitive advantage (and go beyond competitive parity) • What would happen if this were not the case? • An

Martin Luther King And The African American Segregation

During the 1950s there were major conflicts that involved blacks and whites. These conflicts consist on how blacks and whites were separated and how black were being discriminated because the color of their skin. African American’s were not allowed to attend schools with whites, use the same bathrooms, eat at the same places and so much more. There were major moments that happened during them times; that made big differences that help the African American culture today. Thurgood Marshall became a prosecuting attorney in many Segregation cases argued before the Supreme Court including the big case Brown V. Board of Education. That case changed a lot and impacted today society which blacks and whites are allowed to attend the same school†¦show more content†¦She just wanted to catch the bus home, which led to a universal conflict. She was an older lady who set on the front of the bus; however, a white lady got on the bus and she needed a seat so the bus driver told Rosa Park to get out her seat and give it to the white lady Rosa was not going to give her seat up and that transition to her being excused off the bus by police and she went to prison. That was a major impact. However did you know that there was another young lady on the bus who did not give her seat before Rosa Park, but nine months before Parks’ historic action, a 15-year-old teenager named Claudette Colvin had the same incident; she was arrested then serviced by the U.S. Supreme Court’s order for the desegregation of Alabama’s bus system. During the time of the election lots of people were dying. Congress banned all travels for African Americans to other states by public transportation. Therefore a group of black’s got together and got a bus called the freedom bus. They traveled to many states trying to impact the other states to embrace the civil right movement. The people that were on that bus did a lot of things that sent them to prison many times, For instance the would go to different states and go in dinners that said no blacks allow and trespass on whites only property. They went to many states and were doing these activities. The farther they went down south the worst the situationShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy of Martin Luther King Jr.1123 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 - April 4, 1968) was known as an activist and a remarkable leader for African Americans throughout the Civil Rights Movement. He was put in jail for his non-violent civil rights campaigns, spoke out for racial justice, and tried to find an end to racial discrimination. King’s legacy is still known present day, and continues to be one of the most well known leaders. Throughout Martin Luther King Jr.’s lifetime and the Civil Rights Movement, King was devotedRead MoreThe Importance of the Civil Rights Leaders Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesequality and freedom for African Americans. Over 70% of African Americans were e xperiencing segregation and discrimination during the civil right movement. African Americans only had one another for support, so during this time African Americans appreciated civil right leaders. During the civil rights movement, many leaders helped African Americans cope with changes that they were experiencing. Some African Americans looked up to civil rights leaders, because they were African American, so they knew howRead MoreThe Background And Background Of Martin Luther King Jr.1123 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Background: Martin Luther King Jnr was a strong leader and activist in the Civil Rights Movement in America. He was also an American pastor, humanitarian and leader of the African/ American civil rights movement. Martin Luther King led non- violent protests to fight for the rights of all people including African /Americans in the 1950s and 1960s. His dream was that America and the world would become a nonracist society where someone’s race would not impact on their civil rightsRead MoreThe Heroic Life of Martin Luther King600 Words   |  3 PagesThe Heroic Life of Martin Luther King Jr. Based on the information in Britannica School Encyclopedia Martin Luther King Jr. was a historical figure in African American history. He held many things to end segregation. Martin Luther King was a hero in the civil rights movement. Martin Luther King Jr. born January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, was a Civil Rights activist during the 1950’s until his death on April 4, 1968. He held many non-violent protests against segregation. He gave famous speechesRead MoreAfrican Americans During The 20th Century1261 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most influential time frame for African-Americans in the United States would be from 1940-1970. During this time in America, Blacks everywhere were fighting against segregation and discrimination of their race. Consequently, the timeline of events that occurred during this time uncovers the numerous battles that African-American people fought in order to gain their freedom, and their rights as Americans. While these battles seemed everlasting , African-Americans were more persistent than ever inRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr Speech968 Words   |  4 PagesNestora Santos FA17 – English 1153 Martin Luther King Jr. was a minister and a human rights activist. He was in Birmingham, Alabama to lend a hand to other activists who were attempting to have a peaceful demonstration to protest the injustice that were occurring. Martin Luther King Jr. was not a violent man, he was dedicated and passionate about the fair treatment of everyone. He was called to Birmingham to help provide a peaceful demonstration. However, he was arrested and put in a BirminghamRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreThe Swinging Sixties: A Time of Civil Resistance Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesworld. Through his panoply of work, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. challenged the popular idea of African Americans being of less status than â€Å"white men†. His I Have a Dream speech is recognized across the world, not only as inspiration for blacks everywhere, but also as a prime example of non-violent civic activism. King’s main objective was to achieve the equality that blacks had been deprived of. He discussed the issues of racial discrimination, se gregation, and political and economic justice by meansRead MoreMartin Luther King, Jr Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesforced to be slaves, African-Americans saw a road trip to equality through the eyes of Martin Luther King, Jr. Even after being emancipated from slaves to citizens, African-Americans were not ready to wage the battle against segregation alone. The weight which African Americans carried on their back, was lightened when they began to see what Martin Luther King, Jr. brought to the table against segregation. Martin Luther King, Jr. was the single most important African-American leader of the Civil RightsRead MoreEssay on Martin Luther Kings Successful Philosophy1019 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States than in any other country that had practiced slavery. African Americans didn’t gain their freedom until after the Civil War, nearly one-hundred years later. Even though African Americans were freed and the constitution was amended to guarantee racial equality, t hey were still not treated the same as whites and were thought of as second class citizens. One man had the right idea on how to change America, Martin Luther King Jr. had the best philosophy for advancing civil rights, he preached

Louis Xiv a Machiavellian Ruler Essays - 966 Words

Louis XIV: A Machiavellian Ruler? Louis XIV followed many Machiavellian teachings but conspicuously disregarded others, due to some of his fiscal policies (or lack of them) and personal tendencies. Louis XIV is the longest reigning monarch in European history, and during his impressive reign, France enjoyed a Golden Age of arts and commerce. He expanded its territories and shifted the balance of power to France becoming one of the most powerful European countries in the 17th century. Machiavelli wrote in The Prince that it was better to be considered miserly than generous with one’s finances as a monarch. This was a prime example in which Louis XIV demonstrated himself an Un-Machiavellian ruler. Machiavelli said that being generous would†¦show more content†¦This further alienated him and caused contempt from a lot of people. When he said the phrase â€Å"One king, one law, one faith† he meant it. He tried to standardize his nation’s laws in all parts of the country, using the Intendant system, as was already mentioned. He also modernized the army, which can be perceived as a good thing but this was mainly to fight his many wars, earning him hatred from his subjects. During his later years, when Colbert died and the economy began to decline, he was forced to increase taxes and sell government offices again; this also contributed to some enmity from the masses. Machiavelli said that it was necessary to be a lion: a strong ruler; and a fox: clever and capable of protecting himself from traps. Louis XIV was a lion in that he was very expansionism-oriented and belligerent in his foreign policies. He wished to extend France to â€Å"its natural boundaries† and conflicted with almost every country in Europe to do so. For example, working from a loose connection through his wife, Maria Theresa of Spain, to claim the Spanish crown he used her as an excuse to invade the Spanish Netherlands. He would also use his wife’s genealogy to claim the Spanish throne in The War of the Spanish Succession, thereby setting the whole continent against him. He showed himself to be a lion when he splitShow MoreRelatedEssay Louis XIVs Similarities to Machiavellis The Prince773 Words   |  4 Pages Louis XIV was born on September 5, 1638, and ruled as King of France and of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death at the age of 76. He took over t he throne a few months before his fifth birthday, but didnt actually assume actual control of the government until his First Minister, Jules Cardinal Mazarin, died in 1661. He was to become King of France after his father, Louis XIII, died of tuberculosis. He achieved the role of king by ways of hereditary monarchy, which is one of the ways toRead MoreComparing Cardinal Richelieus Practice of Ruler Ship to Niccà ²lo Machiavellis Ideas About the Effective Exercise of Power2015 Words   |  9 Pagesdisregarding haughty ideals, and promoting ruthless tactics, The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli and The Political Testament became fundamental works in understanding realpolitik.# Letat - cest moi,# spoken by French king Louis XIV is an embodiment of Cardinal Richelieus practice of ruler ship, as well as Machiavellis theory on the necessity of centralizing power in order to establish a stable and secure state.# To achieve this great ascendancy and rule France in an effective manner, Richel ieu focusedRead MoreMachiavelli Essay1825 Words   |  8 Pages(Ridolfi, Roberto p.6). The next years of Machiavellis life included many dramatic experiences that altered the way that he viewed government. The Medici family was overthrown, and the power of the government changed hands when the French, lead by Louis XII invaded Italy (The Prince p. viii). Through decisions made by the Church and Pope Julius II, the Medici family came back to restore order and take up where they left off. It was through these actions that Machiavelli was viewed as unfit for anyRead MoreMachiavelli as a Humanist1886 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscerns that morals are very important even though political action sometimes go beyond moral considerations.5 He also wrote poems and plays and other well known books such as, â€Å"The Art of War†. In â€Å"The Prince†, he asks the question who is a better ruler, the one who is loved by his subjects or the one who is feared by them? 5 Machiavelli felt that it would be good to be both of them but if you had to choose then fear would be the best choice out of the two. He made observations about the conductRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesTeams 523 Team Diagnosis and Team Development Exercise 523 Winning the War on Talent 524 Team Performance Exercise 527 SKILL APPLICATION 529 Activities for Building Effective Teams 529 Suggested Assignments 529 Application Plan and Evaluation 530 xiv CONTENTS SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA Team Development Behaviors 531 Scoring Key 531 Comparison Data 531 Diagnosing the Need for Team Building 531 Comparison Data 531 531 10 LEADING POSITIVE CHANGE 533 SKILL ASSESSMENT 534 Diagnostic

Chapter Guide for Twilight of Atheism - 1931 Words

Justin Segovia Fr. Denniston Faith and Critical Reasoning Chapter 1 -The French Revolution was one of the first instances were the ideas of atheism were made public. - The Revolution led many of the clergy to be expelled from the state or killed. - After the Fall of Berlin Wall, atheism declined in popularity. - Russian Revolution continued what French Revolution started. People began to speak of atheism outside of their own homes. - The classical version of atheism is vastly different than the atheism that is known today. - Some consider â€Å"modern atheism† as one of the greatest achievements of human intellect. - Immortalization in Greek myths meant â€Å"infinite extension of existence, not the infinite projection of moral†¦show more content†¦A.C. Swinburne was more avant-garde and aggressive in his approach to spreading atheism. He visualized god as a birch-wielding tyrant that oppresses humanity. Swineburne believed that only the rejection of God would open the way to human self-fulfillment. By the middle of the Nineteenth Century Jesus was seen as a moral sage, or as a role model. George Tyrrell was appalled that Jesus was seen as less captivating, but conceded that the Christ was a â€Å"pale reflection† of his biblical self. Chapter 6 Dostoyevsky was a Russian novelist that wrote on a fictional Russia that turned to atheism to solve its problems. While he showed attractive of that choice, he also presented some of its more troubling features. His criticisms were directed more toward the world God supposedly created, more than critiquing God himself. Nietzsche emphasized that the belief in the Christian God became unbelievable. Nietzsche admits that the realization that â€Å"God is dead† will travel slowly because it is just too â€Å"unthinkable†. For nihilism, a religious worldview is oppressive because it insists that we will be held accountable for our actions. In a nihilistic view, there are no sins, because nothing matters in the end. Albert Camus argued that human life is rendered meaningless by death, which prevents the individual from making sense of existence. ForShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthe beginning of the twentieth. The decades since 1840 have witnessed a striking and unprecedented increase in the human population, in industrial and agricultural production, in global trade and its shift to nonluxury commodities, 10 †¢ CHAPTER 1 in international capital flows, in transcontinental economic integration, in transportation and communication technology, and in the movement of people. These upsurges and their regional unevenness created unprecedented incentives for long-distance

Benefit Programs in the Major Airline Industry Free Essays

string(23) " net income by 1,490%\." The Human Resource topic that we selected is to analyze the benefit programs of four major airlines. Benefits are important to employees as well as their families, and can be a powerful recruiting tool. Benefits also play a major role in managerial decisions and wise benefit choices can have a long-term impact on the quality of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefit Programs in the Major Airline Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some characteristics of a sound benefits program are, they must have clear specific objectives, they must allow for employee input, they must be responsive to societal and environmental change, provide for flexibility, and there must be clear communication with employees. One of the main challenges that companies face are the overall costs of these benefit programs to the companies themselves, as well as staying competitive in hopes to attract high quality employees. Almost 40% or $14,678 per employee is spent on benefit programs per year. American Airlines like many other airlines are facing many challenges in the HR area of benefits and incentives. American Airlines as we all know is one of the leading airlines in today†s airline industry. This status reflects upon Americans benefit program. American Airlines realizes that it must stay competitive in this area to ensure that they get the most qualified employees. American Airlines offers many benefits and incentives for their employees with hopes to attract the best. Many of the benefits are standard and required by law such as social security, unemployment, workers compensation, and leaves without pay. What really must be paid attention too are the benefits and incentives that are offered in addition to the ones required by law. These benefits and incentives are what attract individuals to work for American rather than another airline. Benefits such as a 401 K – Super Saver, which allows up to an ample 20% tax provision, a stock purchase plan, a credit union which could help one to buy a house, and personal emergency coupled with sick pay, just to name a few. American Airlines also recognizes ten major holidays for which employees do not have to work, yet they still get paid. Most of these are benefits that competing airlines offer, but one benefit stands out. American Airlines pass travel program is a benefit that many do not tend to overlook. American does not offer free stand-by tickets to its employees until they have been with the airline for 10 years. What they do offer are special discounted rates. This is the major weakness in their strategy to attract employees with benefits. American offers a very long list of benefits and incentives but this is one that is left out. I believe that American Airlines is making a big mistake by not allowing employees to fly for free. To become more effective American Airlines should add this benefit to its list so that it can be competitive with the other airlines. American has many strengths which include benefits that the other airlines do not offer such as a 401 K plans of up to 20%, and a credit union. Although at the same time it has a very large weakness, which is their travel plan that only offers its employees discounted rates, instead of free airfare. American Airlines must feel that it does not have to offer this benefit to attract potential workers, because it has so many other benefits to offer. Continental Airlines prides itself on offering a wide variety of benefits to their employees. The eligibility for these benefits varies according to the length of time an employee has worked for the company, and the position that they hold. One challenge that Continental Airlines face is the cost of providing these benefits to their employees. They have to make sure that they are financially able to provide these benefit programs, while still attracting high quality employees to their company. Some of these benefits include travel passes, profit sharing, stock purchase plans, retirement plans, 401(k) savings plan, vacation and sick pay, an expense reimbursement plan, medical and dental insurance, vision insurance, life insurance, and accident insurance. Although Continental employees and their families are able to travel at reduced rates; they are not able to fly completely for free, which may be considered unfavorable by some employees. Continental employees are also able to share in the financial growth of the company by purchasing Continental stock at a discounted rate. Continental also provides a fully funded retirement plan, which employees vest in after five years of service. It also provides the 401(k) savings plan, which is a great way for employees to save for retirement. The employees can save up to 19% of their salary before taxes are withheld. Continental also matches a portion of their employees† contributions to the 401(k) savings plan. Full and part time employees of Continental are able to take advantage of paid vacations, as well as the sick leave policy which gives employees time off from work, with pay, when they are ill or unable to work. Continental also provides immediate accident insurance upon employment for all of their employees. Continental does provide many benefits upon the initial employment of their employees; however, some benefit plans are not available until seven months after they have been employed. These include medical and dental insurance, vision insurance, long-term disability plan, and life insurance. Most of the plans are pre-tax, which allows employee tax savings. For every employee, there is a benefits program that best suits him or her. Younger employees who do not have the responsibility of families may not be looking for the same benefits as an older employee with a family. Continental needs to realize these differences in employees, in order to provide a benefit program that will attract the high quality employees they are looking for. Southwest Airlines is currently the fastest growing airline in the business. Over the past 10 years Southwest have grown its revenues by 388% and its net income by 1,490%. You read "Benefit Programs in the Major Airline Industry" in category "Essay examples" Some of the things that have helped Southwest to grow so quickly are their personnel. They have found ways to hire employees that have out-performed every major airline for the past three years. Their hiring tactics can be accredited to a healthy business network, in-depth research, a good job database, strong recruiting staff, and an outstanding benefits program. Southwest offers its employees a very competitive benefits program. Their program offers passes and travel privileges, medical insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, long term disability insurance, sick leave, vacation and holiday pay, profit-sharing, 401 (k) plan, stock purchase plan, and a employee assistance plan. One of the special benefits to working at Southwest is flying for free on Southwest and flying free or at a reduced rate on other carriers with whom Southwest has a pass agreement. Effective from the first day of employment, all employees, their spouses, dependant children, and parents of employees all have unlimited travel privileges on Southwest. An employee may view this as a huge benefit when they decide they would like to travel. On the downside of this part of the benefit program, Southwest does not fly everywhere in the United States, and that may pose a problem for an employee that would like to travel somewhere that Southwest does not offer service. Another benefit is Southwest†s medical, dental, and life insurance plans. Employees may choose to incorporate their families with their medical and dental plans in order to save the employee money. The medical and dental plans will cover 100% of the employee†s medical and dental needs, as well as their families needs, with minimal cost to the employee. For the life insurance plan, employees may choose coverage up to 4 times their base annual income in order to protect their family. The long-term disability program is set up in case an employee becomes disabled and can no longer work. Funds are still paid to the family in order to compensate for the employee†s inability to work due to disability. Depending on employment classifications, employees are able to gather time off for personal illness and vacations. Employees celebrate several paid holidays throughout the calendar year, based on their employment classification. Southwest offers its employees a 401-(k) plan. The plan is designed to help employee†s plan for their retirement. Eligible employees may contribute up to 15% of their pay to the plan on a pre-tax basis. Employees direct their investments and may borrow against their account balance. Employees are the basic fiber of Southwest Airlines, so they feel that employees should be able to share in the success of the company by investing in Southwest Airlines Co. tock through payroll reductions. Employees pay only 90% of the market value for the stock, and broker commissions are paid for by Southwest. Southwest cares very much for their employees well being. They offer their employees an assistance plan that helps when employees need it most. The plan provides professional assistance for employees and their families in order to solve personal problems that may arise that would cause their personal lives and job performance to suffer. Southwest Airlines realizes that without its employees the company would cease to work. Southwest offers these benefits to help keep their employees happy and provided for and in return their employees strive to keep Southwest on top. United Airlines is a true global airline that has over 140 stations in more than 30 countries around the world. United prides itself on being a company where opportunity and advancement are determined solely on merit and individual achievement. United supposedly values diversity not only because it is the correct thing to do, but because it is the right business thing to do. United†s stated position is that all employees should be treated with respect and dignity. The policy not only extends to employees, but to United†s customers, vendors, and independent contractors as well. Some of the benefits that United offers to its employees are; company-paid medical, dental, life and long-term disability insurance, pension plan, paid vacations, travel passes, stock purchase plan, 401(k) plan, and credit union. Going against the company†s policy, United Airlines has been in litigation with the city of San Francisco concerning the â€Å"Equal Benefits Law†. Last year United Airlines supposedly negotiated a two-year exemption from the law in order to renew a 25-year lease with the San Francisco Airport. After opposing letters from the National Writers Union (NWU) United Airlines has joined with Air Transportation Association (ATA) in a lawsuit against the city of San Francisco challenging the ordinance. United claimed they never made an agreement with San Francisco and has not yet made a commitment to providing domestic partner benefits. The ordinance states that any entity that contracts with the city of San Francisco must provide equal benefits to its employees† registered domestic partners that it provides to married spouses. Out of its 94,000 hired employees, United currently has approximately 10,000 lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender employees. We believe that United is not very committed to diversity. It is obvious to see that United is trying to limit their benefit packages to those individuals that are not registered domestic partners. Some states still do not recognize domestic partners as legal binding marriages, and as a result, these individuals cannot receive equal benefits. United†s problem is that almost 11% of its total workforce is comprised of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, or transgenders. If United is committed to having diverse employees they should also be diverse in their benefit coverage. United should recognize that they have a diverse background and these select individuals need to be given equal benefits regardless of the added costs. The text mentions that part of providing a sound benefit package is allowing employees to given input into the benefit system. Having employees participate in designing benefits programs would help ensure that management is moving in the direction of satisfying employee wants. To meet the many changes occurring in society, management must reflect these changes in the employee benefits programs. The fact is that benefit plans sometimes provide little advantage to employees. Even though United might be trying to save money, their treatment towards domestic partners are limiting the organization†s ability to attract and retain quality employees. Some of the most effective policies and strategies for dealing with benefit programs are encompassed within each of the four airlines benefit programs offered. There are several benefits that are required by law, which include Social Security, Unemployment, Workers Compensation, and Leaves without Pay. Overall, American Airlines seemed to offer the most versatile benefits program. Although other programs offered similar benefits, we found that American Airlines offered the most conservative program. For example, United Airlines, and Southwest Airlines both offer free flights to all employees as well as their families, which may be more appealing to a young employee without a family. On the downside, we discovered that Southwest Airlines has a limited flight area, which minimizes their costs when employees take advantage of these programs, and allows them to offer these strategic benefits. We feel that American and Continental Airlines are overlooking an important strategic hiring strategy, by not offering free flights to all their employees, since cost of flights are fixed. For example, a flight that is only at 85% capacity will fly for the same price as a flight that is at 100% capacity. Continental Airlines, has a competitive benefits program as well, but it lacks the flight area which both United and American Airlines offer. We felt that American and United Airlines offered the best benefit programs, although American does not offer free flights from day one of employment, they offer many other compelling incentives such as, personal emergency assistance, vacation buying programs, credit union assistance, as well as flight discounts for their employees. How to cite Benefit Programs in the Major Airline Industry, Essay examples

Diet Pills Essay Example For Students

Diet Pills Essay In todays materialistic driven society, people are judged in every possibleaspect. From their appearance, background, social status, way or thinking totheir friends, families. The need to be accepted and admired by otherscaptivates the minds of many men and women of today. This conquest for socialacceptance becomes so real that the idea then becomes an obsession. The way welook plays a big role in our lives. It determines the way others see us and fromthat, it will then determine how we feel about ourselves. One major proponent ofappearance is our weight. Do you ever notice that the most admired and said tobe most popular girls in school are the sexiest, slimmest and most flauntinggirls? They are the ones that upon passing by make the guys stop and take asecond look. Not only that but this applies to men as well. The mostheart-throbbed, crushed on guys are those with firm-cut bods, most of the timecarrying footballs or basketballs. From these observations, it becomes a knownfact, not only for the young generation, that men and women are obsessed withtheir weights. And why not Whenever you turn on the television or open amagazine all you see are beautiful people flaunting their beautiful bodies. Thisconstant images of seeing sexy idealistic people implants a message in our mindsthat this is the way all men/women should look in order to be beautiful. Andbecause of this, we subject ourselves to abusing our health and bodies just sowe can be like those perfect images. As early as I can recall, there have beenways and tactics created by man to loose weight as fast as they can. The fasterand easier, the better. In the past three years, there has been an abundantintrusion of diet pills that has hit the Philippines. The first onethat hit was an appetite suppressant drug called Ionamin. It apparentlystimulates the brains appetite-control center into thinking that your stomachis always full. It is an effective weight loss drug that enables one to lose theweight desired i n a short amount of time. Consequently, the drug was found tohave unpleasant adverse side effects. These are: mood changes, blurred vision,unpleasant taste or dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, urinaryurgency, false sense of well-being. It was a non-prescription drug easily thatcould easily be bought by anyone until studies showed much side effects veryharmful to ones health. Next and still quite popular with the public are Bankokpills. These pills are so in demand in the Philippines that people are willingto pay thousands of pesos for just a 2week supply of those pills and further,they are bought through connections because they are not just sold anywhere inany drugstore. This drug taken morning and night somehow also works as aappetite suppressant but the way it gets rid of your unwanted excess weight isby taking it out through your bodily fluids. In other words, when inducing thedrug you are subjected to constant urination. It takes out so much that it alsotakes out the liquids that your body needs to maintain itself. Your urine willturn into a clear almost like water appearance from the usual yellow color. Thiswill then cause and leave you feeling dehydrated. In my opinion, using bankokpills for weight reduction may work fast but the results are ill looking. Theweight that you loose will leave you looking dry and malnutritioned. Basicallyyou will look unhealthy and ugly. Recently, a new drug was introduced in theweight loss market, Xenical, the generic name for Orlistat. This is ananti-obesity agent manufactured by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. It is a lipaseinhibitor for obesity management that acts by inhibiting the absorption ofdietary fats. This drug on the other hand, disposes unwanted body fats bysecreting it through your feces coming out in the form of oil. Sometimes yourpoop will even just seep through as all oil. Also, throughout thedays of treatment, you will experience oil-spotting discharges. This drug is aprescription drug used t o cure obesity for medical purposes so there are stillstudies to make as to how the drug will affect people who just take the drug forquick diet purposes. But like all drugs there is a good possibility that itcould be harmful to us when taken ignorantly. Subjecting yourself to habitforming diet pills that are bad for your health so that you can reach the weightand look you want is not the proper way. Also, once you stop using the pill youwill quickly gain twice as much as you lost in the first place, faster than youcan make it back to the store to buy some more pills. The one who looks good orfeels good about themselves doesnt necessarily have to be the thinnest one inthe group. In fact nowadays people with curves are the ones who are thought ofas sexy. I mean, if you are to put your arms around someone, would you want tohold a bag of bones or hold someone who is soft and who actually has somethingto be held? And besides, what makes a person beautiful is the person as a whole. .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 , .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .postImageUrl , .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 , .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:hover , .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:visited , .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:active { border:0!important; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:active , .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40 .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u714f70302beac13a830da1f9d2f1cf40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Life Growing Up Essay Their mind, personality, attitudebeing in his or herself! Of coursemaintaining the proper weight is always good but doing it the right way likeexercising and eating right is a better healthier way to do it. In that caseyour body will also slowly but effectively condition itself to eating right andworking out regularly so that your body will remain healthy and maintain itselfat the proper weight you desire. So if I were you, dont be an empty-headedperson who would harm themselves just so that they can look good for otherpeople who dont even admire them for their inner being but for how they lookin a bathing suit. Health Care

The History of Modern Architecture Essay Example For Students

The History of Modern Architecture Essay With the onset of the nineteenth century, the world was thrust into a new era of industrial productivity. The industrial revolution brought an influx of innovation that rapidly and forever changed the industrial landscape of the world. From the advanced cultures of western civilization to regions of instability and poverty, new technologies that spawned from the industrial revolution had everlasting impacts. The industrial revolution had a vast array of effects on architectural practices, ranging from architectural style to construction materials, which benefited society as a whole. Never before seen construction materials were what highlighted the architectural revolutions during the industrial revolution. Before the nineteenth century, primitive building materials such as brick, wood, and stone were all that were used to create any sort of shelter. As the industrial realm began to expand, metals such as iron were then able to be mined in vast quantities â€Å"and replace wood, brick, and stone as primary materials for large buildings† (Building Design/Architecture). Charles Bage, a mill owner from Britain, was a pioneer in the use of iron as a replacement for such primitive materials. We will write a custom essay on The History of Modern Architecture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His original architectural design, which he created in 1796 and was known as the â€Å"fireproof design, made use of cast iron, brick, and flagstone to greatly increase the strength of his mill, which allowed for the accommodation of larger and heavier machinery. Although his design proved unreliable, due to the collapse of several mills in Great Britain, â€Å"it was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, did the use of iron in industrial architecture become widespread† (Structures and Technology). As architects began to perfect preserving the structural integrity of their designs, doors to new opportunities of design began to open. With materials such as iron and glass already in mass circulation and use, around halfway through the nineteenth century, a material so critical and influential drastically changed the process of industrialization: steel. â€Å"Before the industrial revolution, buildings with multiple stories were supported solely by their walls† (Modern Architecture). With a much more urban society beginning to form, a need for bigger and taller buildings developed. Because of this, a phenomenon known as vertical urbanization began to take hold of cities worldwide. Vertical urbanization literally means building upward, as in making buildings taller rather than making a larger quantity of smaller buildings. The use of vertical urbanization saves vast amounts of land, and is much more economically beneficial than traditional horizontal urbanization. Vertical urbanization rendered the practice of resting all the weight of a building on its walls completely obsolete, and made steel arguably the single most important product to be bought and sold on a worldwide scale. The mass production of steel was the main driving force behind the ability to build skyscrapers during the mid 1880s† (Building Design/Architecture). â€Å" A combination of steel and reinforced concrete allowed for the building of skyscrapers† (Sreekanth 1). The steel frame provides stability throughout the skyscraper while evenly distributing the weight of the building. William Le Baron Jenney is credited with building the first skyscraper in America, in 1884. Soon after, skyscrapers would begin to take over downtown and commercial areas of most major cities worldwide. Thanks to the industrial revolution, steel was made readily available, and allowed for the incorporation of skyscrapers into the urban landscape. From the beginning of civilization to right before the nineteenth century, architecture was just as much of a form of art as painting a picture is. For every building constructed, a specific plan would be formulated by an architect and the construction would follow the architect’s vision, thus creating a one of a kind structure. But as the Industrial revolution gripped the world, the artistic aspect of architecture essentially disappeared. .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postImageUrl , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:visited , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active { border:0!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History On Amazing Grace EssayFor the most part, buildings were standardized; meaning that parts used for construction would be mass produced resulting in a very homogenous look for buildings of the same functionality. Construction companies would focus on building cheaper and faster rather than originality or making buildings pleasing to the eye. Even if some artistic aspects were to be added for visual purposes, they would be from a production line with thousands of others exactly like them. For instance, â€Å"All the beams and columns were mass produced were mass produced to standardized designs† (The Industrial Revolution 1080-1900). This shows how even columns that were supposed to be representing traditional Roman architectural style were stripped of all craftsmanship and originality. Even so, architects and their skills were still needed. â€Å"Architects to design canals, tunnels, bridges, and railroad stations were in high demand† (Design Presentation). The difference was that these architects were generally not hired to create original works, but simply to put up bridges and tunnels that would get the job done. Some architects however, did not feel inclined to conform to the new phenomenon of industrial architecture. Many architects separated and formed their own factions dedicated to restoring the art to architecture. One such group, called â€Å"The Royal Institute of Bristol Architects, tended to focus on designing art galleries, houses for the rich, law courts, libraries, and so forth† (The Industrial Revolution 1780-1900). Due to such factions being created, a divide began to emerge between the two separate types of architects. As the human race continues to progress, the architecture created by us continues to change and evolve to fit our needs. The Industrial Revolution was a time period of critical change that overall caused architecture to change as well, for the better. Besides losing some romantic characteristics, architectural practices changed to better suit the needs of humanity due to the Industrial Revolution and architectural practices will continue to evolve to meet the demands of humanity for as long as humanity exists. Bibliography: â€Å"Building Design/ Architecture – The Industrial Revolution-new Materials.† Science.jrank.org. Net Industries, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revolution on Architectural Design.† Designpresentation.com. DesignPresentation Associates, Inc, 10 Oct. 2012. Web 13 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. P.S., Sreekanth. â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revoltuion on Architecture.† The Archi Blog. N.p., 2 June 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Architecture The Industrial Revolution. M9-Architecture and the Industrial Revolution: Art Appreciation. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. Structures and Technolgy. Boundless. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.  . The Industrial Revolution 1780 1900. Berkeley Methodology. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014. The History of Modern Architecture Essay Example For Students The History of Modern Architecture Essay With the onset of the nineteenth century, the world was thrust into a new era of industrial productivity. The industrial revolution brought an influx of innovation that rapidly and forever changed the industrial landscape of the world. From the advanced cultures of western civilization to regions of instability and poverty, new technologies that spawned from the industrial revolution had everlasting impacts. The industrial revolution had a vast array of effects on architectural practices, ranging from architectural style to construction materials, which benefited society as a whole. Never before seen construction materials were what highlighted the architectural revolutions during the industrial revolution. Before the nineteenth century, primitive building materials such as brick, wood, and stone were all that were used to create any sort of shelter. As the industrial realm began to expand, metals such as iron were then able to be mined in vast quantities â€Å"and replace wood, brick, and stone as primary materials for large buildings† (Building Design/Architecture). Charles Bage, a mill owner from Britain, was a pioneer in the use of iron as a replacement for such primitive materials. We will write a custom essay on The History of Modern Architecture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His original architectural design, which he created in 1796 and was known as the â€Å"fireproof design, made use of cast iron, brick, and flagstone to greatly increase the strength of his mill, which allowed for the accommodation of larger and heavier machinery. Although his design proved unreliable, due to the collapse of several mills in Great Britain, â€Å"it was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, did the use of iron in industrial architecture become widespread† (Structures and Technology). As architects began to perfect preserving the structural integrity of their designs, doors to new opportunities of design began to open. With materials such as iron and glass already in mass circulation and use, around halfway through the nineteenth century, a material so critical and influential drastically changed the process of industrialization: steel. â€Å"Before the industrial revolution, buildings with multiple stories were supported solely by their walls† (Modern Architecture). With a much more urban society beginning to form, a need for bigger and taller buildings developed. Because of this, a phenomenon known as vertical urbanization began to take hold of cities worldwide. Vertical urbanization literally means building upward, as in making buildings taller rather than making a larger quantity of smaller buildings. The use of vertical urbanization saves vast amounts of land, and is much more economically beneficial than traditional horizontal urbanization. Vertical urbanization rendered the practice of resting all the weight of a building on its walls completely obsolete, and made steel arguably the single most important product to be bought and sold on a worldwide scale. The mass production of steel was the main driving force behind the ability to build skyscrapers during the mid 1880s† (Building Design/Architecture). â€Å" A combination of steel and reinforced concrete allowed for the building of skyscrapers† (Sreekanth 1). The steel frame provides stability throughout the skyscraper while evenly distributing the weight of the building. William Le Baron Jenney is credited with building the first skyscraper in America, in 1884. Soon after, skyscrapers would begin to take over downtown and commercial areas of most major cities worldwide. Thanks to the industrial revolution, steel was made readily available, and allowed for the incorporation of skyscrapers into the urban landscape. From the beginning of civilization to right before the nineteenth century, architecture was just as much of a form of art as painting a picture is. For every building constructed, a specific plan would be formulated by an architect and the construction would follow the architect’s vision, thus creating a one of a kind structure. But as the Industrial revolution gripped the world, the artistic aspect of architecture essentially disappeared. .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postImageUrl , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:visited , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active { border:0!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History On Amazing Grace EssayFor the most part, buildings were standardized; meaning that parts used for construction would be mass produced resulting in a very homogenous look for buildings of the same functionality. Construction companies would focus on building cheaper and faster rather than originality or making buildings pleasing to the eye. Even if some artistic aspects were to be added for visual purposes, they would be from a production line with thousands of others exactly like them. For instance, â€Å"All the beams and columns were mass produced were mass produced to standardized designs† (The Industrial Revolution 1080-1900). This shows how even columns that were supposed to be representing traditional Roman architectural style were stripped of all craftsmanship and originality. Even so, architects and their skills were still needed. â€Å"Architects to design canals, tunnels, bridges, and railroad stations were in high demand† (Design Presentation). The difference was that these architects were generally not hired to create original works, but simply to put up bridges and tunnels that would get the job done. Some architects however, did not feel inclined to conform to the new phenomenon of industrial architecture. Many architects separated and formed their own factions dedicated to restoring the art to architecture. One such group, called â€Å"The Royal Institute of Bristol Architects, tended to focus on designing art galleries, houses for the rich, law courts, libraries, and so forth† (The Industrial Revolution 1780-1900). Due to such factions being created, a divide began to emerge between the two separate types of architects. As the human race continues to progress, the architecture created by us continues to change and evolve to fit our needs. The Industrial Revolution was a time period of critical change that overall caused architecture to change as well, for the better. Besides losing some romantic characteristics, architectural practices changed to better suit the needs of humanity due to the Industrial Revolution and architectural practices will continue to evolve to meet the demands of humanity for as long as humanity exists. Bibliography: â€Å"Building Design/ Architecture – The Industrial Revolution-new Materials.† Science.jrank.org. Net Industries, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revolution on Architectural Design.† Designpresentation.com. DesignPresentation Associates, Inc, 10 Oct. 2012. Web 13 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. P.S., Sreekanth. â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revoltuion on Architecture.† The Archi Blog. N.p., 2 June 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Architecture The Industrial Revolution. M9-Architecture and the Industrial Revolution: Art Appreciation. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. Structures and Technolgy. Boundless. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.  . The Industrial Revolution 1780 1900. Berkeley Methodology. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014. The History of Modern Architecture Essay Example For Students The History of Modern Architecture Essay With the onset of the nineteenth century, the world was thrust into a new era of industrial productivity. The industrial revolution brought an influx of innovation that rapidly and forever changed the industrial landscape of the world. From the advanced cultures of western civilization to regions of instability and poverty, new technologies that spawned from the industrial revolution had everlasting impacts. The industrial revolution had a vast array of effects on architectural practices, ranging from architectural style to construction materials, which benefited society as a whole. Never before seen construction materials were what highlighted the architectural revolutions during the industrial revolution. Before the nineteenth century, primitive building materials such as brick, wood, and stone were all that were used to create any sort of shelter. As the industrial realm began to expand, metals such as iron were then able to be mined in vast quantities â€Å"and replace wood, brick, and stone as primary materials for large buildings† (Building Design/Architecture). Charles Bage, a mill owner from Britain, was a pioneer in the use of iron as a replacement for such primitive materials. We will write a custom essay on The History of Modern Architecture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His original architectural design, which he created in 1796 and was known as the â€Å"fireproof design, made use of cast iron, brick, and flagstone to greatly increase the strength of his mill, which allowed for the accommodation of larger and heavier machinery. Although his design proved unreliable, due to the collapse of several mills in Great Britain, â€Å"it was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, did the use of iron in industrial architecture become widespread† (Structures and Technology). As architects began to perfect preserving the structural integrity of their designs, doors to new opportunities of design began to open. With materials such as iron and glass already in mass circulation and use, around halfway through the nineteenth century, a material so critical and influential drastically changed the process of industrialization: steel. â€Å"Before the industrial revolution, buildings with multiple stories were supported solely by their walls† (Modern Architecture). With a much more urban society beginning to form, a need for bigger and taller buildings developed. Because of this, a phenomenon known as vertical urbanization began to take hold of cities worldwide. Vertical urbanization literally means building upward, as in making buildings taller rather than making a larger quantity of smaller buildings. The use of vertical urbanization saves vast amounts of land, and is much more economically beneficial than traditional horizontal urbanization. Vertical urbanization rendered the practice of resting all the weight of a building on its walls completely obsolete, and made steel arguably the single most important product to be bought and sold on a worldwide scale. The mass production of steel was the main driving force behind the ability to build skyscrapers during the mid 1880s† (Building Design/Architecture). â€Å" A combination of steel and reinforced concrete allowed for the building of skyscrapers† (Sreekanth 1). The steel frame provides stability throughout the skyscraper while evenly distributing the weight of the building. William Le Baron Jenney is credited with building the first skyscraper in America, in 1884. Soon after, skyscrapers would begin to take over downtown and commercial areas of most major cities worldwide. Thanks to the industrial revolution, steel was made readily available, and allowed for the incorporation of skyscrapers into the urban landscape. From the beginning of civilization to right before the nineteenth century, architecture was just as much of a form of art as painting a picture is. For every building constructed, a specific plan would be formulated by an architect and the construction would follow the architect’s vision, thus creating a one of a kind structure. But as the Industrial revolution gripped the world, the artistic aspect of architecture essentially disappeared. .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postImageUrl , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:visited , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active { border:0!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History On Amazing Grace EssayFor the most part, buildings were standardized; meaning that parts used for construction would be mass produced resulting in a very homogenous look for buildings of the same functionality. Construction companies would focus on building cheaper and faster rather than originality or making buildings pleasing to the eye. Even if some artistic aspects were to be added for visual purposes, they would be from a production line with thousands of others exactly like them. For instance, â€Å"All the beams and columns were mass produced were mass produced to standardized designs† (The Industrial Revolution 1080-1900). This shows how even columns that were supposed to be representing traditional Roman architectural style were stripped of all craftsmanship and originality. Even so, architects and their skills were still needed. â€Å"Architects to design canals, tunnels, bridges, and railroad stations were in high demand† (Design Presentation). The difference was that these architects were generally not hired to create original works, but simply to put up bridges and tunnels that would get the job done. Some architects however, did not feel inclined to conform to the new phenomenon of industrial architecture. Many architects separated and formed their own factions dedicated to restoring the art to architecture. One such group, called â€Å"The Royal Institute of Bristol Architects, tended to focus on designing art galleries, houses for the rich, law courts, libraries, and so forth† (The Industrial Revolution 1780-1900). Due to such factions being created, a divide began to emerge between the two separate types of architects. As the human race continues to progress, the architecture created by us continues to change and evolve to fit our needs. The Industrial Revolution was a time period of critical change that overall caused architecture to change as well, for the better. Besides losing some romantic characteristics, architectural practices changed to better suit the needs of humanity due to the Industrial Revolution and architectural practices will continue to evolve to meet the demands of humanity for as long as humanity exists. Bibliography: â€Å"Building Design/ Architecture – The Industrial Revolution-new Materials.† Science.jrank.org. Net Industries, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revolution on Architectural Design.† Designpresentation.com. DesignPresentation Associates, Inc, 10 Oct. 2012. Web 13 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. P.S., Sreekanth. â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revoltuion on Architecture.† The Archi Blog. N.p., 2 June 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Architecture The Industrial Revolution. M9-Architecture and the Industrial Revolution: Art Appreciation. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. Structures and Technolgy. Boundless. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.  . The Industrial Revolution 1780 1900. Berkeley Methodology. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014. The History of Modern Architecture Essay Example For Students The History of Modern Architecture Essay With the onset of the nineteenth century, the world was thrust into a new era of industrial productivity. The industrial revolution brought an influx of innovation that rapidly and forever changed the industrial landscape of the world. From the advanced cultures of western civilization to regions of instability and poverty, new technologies that spawned from the industrial revolution had everlasting impacts. The industrial revolution had a vast array of effects on architectural practices, ranging from architectural style to construction materials, which benefited society as a whole. Never before seen construction materials were what highlighted the architectural revolutions during the industrial revolution. Before the nineteenth century, primitive building materials such as brick, wood, and stone were all that were used to create any sort of shelter. As the industrial realm began to expand, metals such as iron were then able to be mined in vast quantities â€Å"and replace wood, brick, and stone as primary materials for large buildings† (Building Design/Architecture). Charles Bage, a mill owner from Britain, was a pioneer in the use of iron as a replacement for such primitive materials. We will write a custom essay on The History of Modern Architecture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His original architectural design, which he created in 1796 and was known as the â€Å"fireproof design, made use of cast iron, brick, and flagstone to greatly increase the strength of his mill, which allowed for the accommodation of larger and heavier machinery. Although his design proved unreliable, due to the collapse of several mills in Great Britain, â€Å"it was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, did the use of iron in industrial architecture become widespread† (Structures and Technology). As architects began to perfect preserving the structural integrity of their designs, doors to new opportunities of design began to open. With materials such as iron and glass already in mass circulation and use, around halfway through the nineteenth century, a material so critical and influential drastically changed the process of industrialization: steel. â€Å"Before the industrial revolution, buildings with multiple stories were supported solely by their walls† (Modern Architecture). With a much more urban society beginning to form, a need for bigger and taller buildings developed. Because of this, a phenomenon known as vertical urbanization began to take hold of cities worldwide. Vertical urbanization literally means building upward, as in making buildings taller rather than making a larger quantity of smaller buildings. The use of vertical urbanization saves vast amounts of land, and is much more economically beneficial than traditional horizontal urbanization. Vertical urbanization rendered the practice of resting all the weight of a building on its walls completely obsolete, and made steel arguably the single most important product to be bought and sold on a worldwide scale. The mass production of steel was the main driving force behind the ability to build skyscrapers during the mid 1880s† (Building Design/Architecture). â€Å" A combination of steel and reinforced concrete allowed for the building of skyscrapers† (Sreekanth 1). The steel frame provides stability throughout the skyscraper while evenly distributing the weight of the building. William Le Baron Jenney is credited with building the first skyscraper in America, in 1884. Soon after, skyscrapers would begin to take over downtown and commercial areas of most major cities worldwide. Thanks to the industrial revolution, steel was made readily available, and allowed for the incorporation of skyscrapers into the urban landscape. From the beginning of civilization to right before the nineteenth century, architecture was just as much of a form of art as painting a picture is. For every building constructed, a specific plan would be formulated by an architect and the construction would follow the architect’s vision, thus creating a one of a kind structure. But as the Industrial revolution gripped the world, the artistic aspect of architecture essentially disappeared. .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postImageUrl , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:visited , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active { border:0!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History On Amazing Grace EssayFor the most part, buildings were standardized; meaning that parts used for construction would be mass produced resulting in a very homogenous look for buildings of the same functionality. Construction companies would focus on building cheaper and faster rather than originality or making buildings pleasing to the eye. Even if some artistic aspects were to be added for visual purposes, they would be from a production line with thousands of others exactly like them. For instance, â€Å"All the beams and columns were mass produced were mass produced to standardized designs† (The Industrial Revolution 1080-1900). This shows how even columns that were supposed to be representing traditional Roman architectural style were stripped of all craftsmanship and originality. Even so, architects and their skills were still needed. â€Å"Architects to design canals, tunnels, bridges, and railroad stations were in high demand† (Design Presentation). The difference was that these architects were generally not hired to create original works, but simply to put up bridges and tunnels that would get the job done. Some architects however, did not feel inclined to conform to the new phenomenon of industrial architecture. Many architects separated and formed their own factions dedicated to restoring the art to architecture. One such group, called â€Å"The Royal Institute of Bristol Architects, tended to focus on designing art galleries, houses for the rich, law courts, libraries, and so forth† (The Industrial Revolution 1780-1900). Due to such factions being created, a divide began to emerge between the two separate types of architects. As the human race continues to progress, the architecture created by us continues to change and evolve to fit our needs. The Industrial Revolution was a time period of critical change that overall caused architecture to change as well, for the better. Besides losing some romantic characteristics, architectural practices changed to better suit the needs of humanity due to the Industrial Revolution and architectural practices will continue to evolve to meet the demands of humanity for as long as humanity exists. Bibliography: â€Å"Building Design/ Architecture – The Industrial Revolution-new Materials.† Science.jrank.org. Net Industries, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revolution on Architectural Design.† Designpresentation.com. DesignPresentation Associates, Inc, 10 Oct. 2012. Web 13 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. P.S., Sreekanth. â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revoltuion on Architecture.† The Archi Blog. N.p., 2 June 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Architecture The Industrial Revolution. M9-Architecture and the Industrial Revolution: Art Appreciation. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. Structures and Technolgy. Boundless. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.  . The Industrial Revolution 1780 1900. Berkeley Methodology. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014. The History of Modern Architecture Essay Example For Students The History of Modern Architecture Essay With the onset of the nineteenth century, the world was thrust into a new era of industrial productivity. The industrial revolution brought an influx of innovation that rapidly and forever changed the industrial landscape of the world. From the advanced cultures of western civilization to regions of instability and poverty, new technologies that spawned from the industrial revolution had everlasting impacts. The industrial revolution had a vast array of effects on architectural practices, ranging from architectural style to construction materials, which benefited society as a whole. Never before seen construction materials were what highlighted the architectural revolutions during the industrial revolution. Before the nineteenth century, primitive building materials such as brick, wood, and stone were all that were used to create any sort of shelter. As the industrial realm began to expand, metals such as iron were then able to be mined in vast quantities â€Å"and replace wood, brick, and stone as primary materials for large buildings† (Building Design/Architecture). Charles Bage, a mill owner from Britain, was a pioneer in the use of iron as a replacement for such primitive materials. We will write a custom essay on The History of Modern Architecture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His original architectural design, which he created in 1796 and was known as the â€Å"fireproof design, made use of cast iron, brick, and flagstone to greatly increase the strength of his mill, which allowed for the accommodation of larger and heavier machinery. Although his design proved unreliable, due to the collapse of several mills in Great Britain, â€Å"it was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, did the use of iron in industrial architecture become widespread† (Structures and Technology). As architects began to perfect preserving the structural integrity of their designs, doors to new opportunities of design began to open. With materials such as iron and glass already in mass circulation and use, around halfway through the nineteenth century, a material so critical and influential drastically changed the process of industrialization: steel. â€Å"Before the industrial revolution, buildings with multiple stories were supported solely by their walls† (Modern Architecture). With a much more urban society beginning to form, a need for bigger and taller buildings developed. Because of this, a phenomenon known as vertical urbanization began to take hold of cities worldwide. Vertical urbanization literally means building upward, as in making buildings taller rather than making a larger quantity of smaller buildings. The use of vertical urbanization saves vast amounts of land, and is much more economically beneficial than traditional horizontal urbanization. Vertical urbanization rendered the practice of resting all the weight of a building on its walls completely obsolete, and made steel arguably the single most important product to be bought and sold on a worldwide scale. The mass production of steel was the main driving force behind the ability to build skyscrapers during the mid 1880s† (Building Design/Architecture). â€Å" A combination of steel and reinforced concrete allowed for the building of skyscrapers† (Sreekanth 1). The steel frame provides stability throughout the skyscraper while evenly distributing the weight of the building. William Le Baron Jenney is credited with building the first skyscraper in America, in 1884. Soon after, skyscrapers would begin to take over downtown and commercial areas of most major cities worldwide. Thanks to the industrial revolution, steel was made readily available, and allowed for the incorporation of skyscrapers into the urban landscape. From the beginning of civilization to right before the nineteenth century, architecture was just as much of a form of art as painting a picture is. For every building constructed, a specific plan would be formulated by an architect and the construction would follow the architect’s vision, thus creating a one of a kind structure. But as the Industrial revolution gripped the world, the artistic aspect of architecture essentially disappeared. .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postImageUrl , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:visited , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active { border:0!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:active , .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1 .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c861e150b5b4e82115f77f97fb5fae1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History On Amazing Grace EssayFor the most part, buildings were standardized; meaning that parts used for construction would be mass produced resulting in a very homogenous look for buildings of the same functionality. Construction companies would focus on building cheaper and faster rather than originality or making buildings pleasing to the eye. Even if some artistic aspects were to be added for visual purposes, they would be from a production line with thousands of others exactly like them. For instance, â€Å"All the beams and columns were mass produced were mass produced to standardized designs† (The Industrial Revolution 1080-1900). This shows how even columns that were supposed to be representing traditional Roman architectural style were stripped of all craftsmanship and originality. Even so, architects and their skills were still needed. â€Å"Architects to design canals, tunnels, bridges, and railroad stations were in high demand† (Design Presentation). The difference was that these architects were generally not hired to create original works, but simply to put up bridges and tunnels that would get the job done. Some architects however, did not feel inclined to conform to the new phenomenon of industrial architecture. Many architects separated and formed their own factions dedicated to restoring the art to architecture. One such group, called â€Å"The Royal Institute of Bristol Architects, tended to focus on designing art galleries, houses for the rich, law courts, libraries, and so forth† (The Industrial Revolution 1780-1900). Due to such factions being created, a divide began to emerge between the two separate types of architects. As the human race continues to progress, the architecture created by us continues to change and evolve to fit our needs. The Industrial Revolution was a time period of critical change that overall caused architecture to change as well, for the better. Besides losing some romantic characteristics, architectural practices changed to better suit the needs of humanity due to the Industrial Revolution and architectural practices will continue to evolve to meet the demands of humanity for as long as humanity exists. Bibliography: â€Å"Building Design/ Architecture – The Industrial Revolution-new Materials.† Science.jrank.org. Net Industries, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revolution on Architectural Design.† Designpresentation.com. DesignPresentation Associates, Inc, 10 Oct. 2012. Web 13 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. P.S., Sreekanth. â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revoltuion on Architecture.† The Archi Blog. N.p., 2 June 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Architecture The Industrial Revolution. M9-Architecture and the Industrial Revolution: Art Appreciation. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. Structures and Technolgy. Boundless. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.  . The Industrial Revolution 1780 1900. Berkeley Methodology. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014. The History of Modern Architecture Essay Example For Students The History of Modern Architecture Essay With the onset of the nineteenth century, the world was thrust into a new era of industrial productivity. The industrial revolution brought an influx of innovation that rapidly and forever changed the industrial landscape of the world. From the advanced cultures of western civilization to regions of instability and poverty, new technologies that spawned from the industrial revolution had everlasting impacts. The industrial revolution had a vast array of effects on architectural practices, ranging from architectural style to construction materials, which benefited society as a whole. Never before seen construction materials were what highlighted the architectural revolutions during the industrial revolution. Before the nineteenth century, primitive building materials such as brick, wood, and stone were all that were used to create any sort of shelter. As the industrial realm began to expand, metals such as iron were then able to be mined in vast quantities â€Å"and replace wood, brick, and stone as primary materials for large buildings† (Building Design/Architecture). Charles Bage, a mill owner from Britain, was a pioneer in the use of iron as a replacement for such primitive materials. We will write a custom essay on The History of Modern Architecture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now His original architectural design, which he created in 1796 and was known as the â€Å"fireproof design, made use of cast iron, brick, and flagstone to greatly increase the strength of his mill, which allowed for the accommodation of larger and heavier machinery. Although his design proved unreliable, due to the collapse of several mills in Great Britain, â€Å"it was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, did the use of iron in industrial architecture become widespread† (Structures and Technology). As architects began to perfect preserving the structural integrity of their designs, doors to new opportunities of design began to open. With materials such as iron and glass already in mass circulation and use, around halfway through the nineteenth century, a material so critical and influential drastically changed the process of industrialization: steel. â€Å"Before the industrial revolution, buildings with multiple stories were supported solely by their walls† (Modern Architecture). With a much more urban society beginning to form, a need for bigger and taller buildings developed. Because of this, a phenomenon known as vertical urbanization began to take hold of cities worldwide. Vertical urbanization literally means building upward, as in making buildings taller rather than making a larger quantity of smaller buildings. The use of vertical urbanization saves vast amounts of land, and is much more economically beneficial than traditional horizontal urbanization. Vertical urbanization rendered the practice of resting all the weight of a building on its walls completely obsolete, and made steel arguably the single most important product to be bought and sold on a worldwide scale. The mass production of steel was the main driving force behind the ability to build skyscrapers during the mid 1880s† (Building Design/Architecture). â€Å" A combination of steel and reinforced concrete allowed for the building of skyscrapers† (Sreekanth 1). The steel frame provides stability throughout the skyscraper while evenly distributing the weight of the building. William Le Baron Jenney is credited with building the first skyscraper in America, in 1884. Soon after, skyscrapers would begin to take over downtown and commercial areas of most major cities worldwide. Thanks to the industrial revolution, steel was made readily available, and allowed for the incorporation of skyscrapers into the urban landscape. From the beginning of civilization to right before the nineteenth century, architecture was just as much of a form of art as painting a picture is. For every building constructed, a specific plan would be formulated by an architect and the construction would follow the architect’s vision, thus creating a one of a kind structure. But as the Industrial revolution gripped the world, the artistic aspect of architecture essentially disappeared. .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 , .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .postImageUrl , .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 , .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:hover , .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:visited , .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:active { border:0!important; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:active , .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873 .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4b6eaf700aa5962f9beddc35a2adb873:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History of Graffiti EssayFor the most part, buildings were standardized; meaning that parts used for construction would be mass produced resulting in a very homogenous look for buildings of the same functionality. Construction companies would focus on building cheaper and faster rather than originality or making buildings pleasing to the eye. Even if some artistic aspects were to be added for visual purposes, they would be from a production line with thousands of others exactly like them. For instance, â€Å"All the beams and columns were mass produced were mass produced to standardized designs† (The Industrial Revolution 1080-1900). This shows how even columns that were supposed to be representing traditional Roman architectural style were stripped of all craftsmanship and originality. Even so, architects and their skills were still needed. â€Å"Architects to design canals, tunnels, bridges, and railroad stations were in high demand† (Design Presentation). The difference was that these architects were generally not hired to create original works, but simply to put up bridges and tunnels that would get the job done. Some architects however, did not feel inclined to conform to the new phenomenon of industrial architecture. Many architects separated and formed their own factions dedicated to restoring the art to architecture. One such group, called â€Å"The Royal Institute of Bristol Architects, tended to focus on designing art galleries, houses for the rich, law courts, libraries, and so forth† (The Industrial Revolution 1780-1900). Due to such factions being created, a divide began to emerge between the two separate types of architects. As the human race continues to progress, the architecture created by us continues to change and evolve to fit our needs. The Industrial Revolution was a time period of critical change that overall caused architecture to change as well, for the better. Besides losing some romantic characteristics, architectural practices changed to better suit the needs of humanity due to the Industrial Revolution and architectural practices will continue to evolve to meet the demands of humanity for as long as humanity exists. Bibliography: â€Å"Building Design/ Architecture – The Industrial Revolution-new Materials.† Science.jrank.org. Net Industries, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revolution on Architectural Design.† Designpresentation.com. DesignPresentation Associates, Inc, 10 Oct. 2012. Web 13 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Modern Architecture.† Library.thinkquest.org. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. P.S., Sreekanth. â€Å"Impact of Industrial Revoltuion on Architecture.† The Archi Blog. N.p., 2 June 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. Architecture The Industrial Revolution. M9-Architecture and the Industrial Revolution: Art Appreciation. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014. Structures and Technolgy. Boundless. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Apr. 2014.  . The Industrial Revolution 1780 1900. Berkeley Methodology. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014.